What is the difference between Further Education and Higher Education?
While both sectors provide education for students aged 16 and over, Further Education (FE) and Higher Education (HE) serve different purposes. Understanding these differences is vital when deciding where to teach. Put simply, HE is primarily focused on academic degrees and theoretical research at universities. FE prepares students for HE but also teaches technical skills, vocational training, and preparing learners for the workforce. In FE, you teach the real-world skills that industries rely on, from engineering and digital support to healthcare and construction.
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Defining FE and HE
Further Education (FE)
FE covers almost all learning that takes place after secondary school that is not a university degree. It is delivered in colleges, sixth forms, and community settings. The curriculum is vast and practical. It includes:
- Technical qualifications like T Levels, BTECs, and NVQs.
- Academic courses like A levels.
- Essential skills such as adult literacy and numeracy (Functional Skills).
- Apprenticeships and hands-on vocational training.
- Access courses to help adults progress to university.
Higher Education (HE)
HE specifically refers to education at Level 4 and above. It is primarily delivered by universities and specialist institutions. The focus is academic and research-intensive. It includes:
- Undergraduate degrees (Bachelor's).
- Postgraduate qualifications (Master's and PhDs).
- Highly specialised theoretical study.
- Medical and scientific research degrees. Note: Some FE colleges do offer HE-level courses (like HNCs/HNDs), but the primary mission of the college remains vocational.
The students you will teach
One of the biggest differences is the classroom environment. HE cohorts are often similar in age (18-21) and academic background. In FE, the classroom is much more diverse. You might teach:
- School leavers (16-18) studying A Levels or learning a trade.
- Adults retraining for a new career.
- Professionals upskilling part-time.
- Learners with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) gaining independence. This diversity makes FE teaching distinct; it requires strong pastoral care and the ability to adapt your teaching style to varied life experiences.
Qualifications needed to teach
The requirements to become a teacher differ significantly between the sectors.
- In HE: You typically need high-level academic qualifications (Masters or PhD) and a research background in your subject.
- In FE: Your industry experience is your most valuable asset. You do not always need a degree to start teaching vocational subjects like construction, hair and beauty, or plumbing. You can often train on the job and get funded qualifications while you work.
If you are ready to apply your industry skills in a new environment, Further Education could be the perfect fit. You can check if you are ready to teach in FE using our quick tool, or browse current vacancies to see the types of roles available near you.
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Why choose a career in FE?
Teaching in FE offers immediate, tangible job satisfaction. You are not just teaching theory; you are giving someone the specific tools they need to get a job, go to university, or improve their quality of life. If you have experience in industry and want to share it, FE offers a route into education that values your practical skills. It is a dynamic, supportive environment where you can make a visible difference to social mobility in your local community.